A Comparative Study of Tuberculosis Screening Methods in Tamil Nadu: AI vs. Conventional Approach

The Global Challenge of TB Detection

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant global health concern, with delays in detection often leading to prolonged transmission and worsening patient outcomes. Conventional screening methods, while effective, can sometimes miss cases or fail to reach certain populations. In Tamil Nadu, India, a groundbreaking shift is taking place—the integration of AI-powered chest X-ray analysis through DeepTek’s Genki software into public TB screening programs. But how does AI compare to traditional methods? Let’s explore.

The Study: AI vs. Conventional TB Screening

To measure the impact of AI on TB detection, a comparative study was conducted across ten districts in Tamil Nadu. Five districts (Kanchipuram, Salem, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, and Vellore) implemented AI-based screening, while five others (Viluppuram, Coimbatore, Madurai, Cuddalore, and Tirupur) relied on conventional methods.

The study focused on several key factors:

✅ Total population screened

✅ Number of chest X-rays taken

✅ Sputum sample collection rates

✅ TB diagnosis outcomes

Both AI and conventional screening methods covered comparable population sizes, ensuring a fair evaluation.

AI Delivers Remarkable Results

The findings were eye-opening—AI-driven screening led to significantly higher TB detection rates than conventional methods.

Sputum Sample Efficiency: Despite an equal number of sputum samples collected across both approaches, the AI-based method resulted in a 2.86-fold increase in positive samples. This means AI helped focus resources on individuals most likely to have TB, improving diagnostic efficiency.

Higher TB Detection Rates: The AI-based approach saw a 3.15-fold increase in sputum-positive cases and a 2.35-fold increase in X-ray-positive cases compared to conventional screening.

Overall TB Diagnoses Soared: The total number of confirmed TB cases doubled (2.09-fold increase) with AI-powered screening, proving that AI significantly enhances case detection.

Why AI is a Game-Changer for Public Health

This study underscores the transformative power of AI in revolutionizing TB screening:

✅ Faster and more accurate TB identification

✅ More effective use of medical resources

✅ Higher screening success rates without increasing workload

✅ Potential for early detection, reducing disease spread

By integrating AI into public health initiatives, Tamil Nadu’s TB elimination program sets a precedent for other regions in India and beyond.

The Future of TB Screening is Here

AI-driven solutions like DeepTek’s Genki are not just an enhancement—they are a necessity in modern TB detection strategies. With higher accuracy, efficiency, and accessibility, AI is proving to be an invaluable ally in the global fight against tuberculosis.

As we continue to embrace technological advancements in healthcare, AI-powered TB screening stands as a beacon of hope for early detection and better disease management.